Skip to content

Temperature Conversion

Convert units accurately, with the formula shown.

Unit ConvertersFreeRuns in your browser
Interactive temperature conversionRuns in your browser, nothing uploadedFree, no account
Overview

What is the Temperature Conversion?

This temperature conversion tool switches between Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin and Rankine instantly, using the exact defined relationships between the scales — not rounded approximations. Type a value in any one of the four and the other three update immediately, along with the formula used to get there. It is built for the situations where "close enough" causes real problems: converting a recipe or oven setting, reading a weather forecast from another country, checking a scientific measurement, or working out whether a fever reading in one scale is actually high in another.

Temperature conversion trips people up in a way length or weight conversion does not, because the scales do not share a zero point. Doubling a Celsius reading does not double how hot something feels in Fahrenheit — the widget and the explanation below both exist to make that concrete rather than abstract.

Benefits

Why use a free temperature conversion?

All four scales at once

Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin and Rankine convert together from a single input, so you never have to chain two conversions to get from Fahrenheit to Kelvin.

Exact defined constants, not rounded ones

The Celsius–Kelvin offset (273.15) and the Fahrenheit–Rankine offset (459.67) are the internationally defined values, applied in full double-precision arithmetic before the result is rounded for display.

Built on the same conversion engine as every other converter

Temperature shares its underlying code with the unit converter and byte converter, so the same formatting and precision rules apply everywhere on the site.

No signup, no upload, instant result

The calculation runs in your browser as you type. Nothing is sent to a server.

Guide

How do you use the Temperature Conversion?

  1. 1

    Enter a temperature

    Type a number into any of the scale fields — Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin or Rankine.

  2. 2

    Read the converted values

    The other three scales update immediately, calculated directly from what you typed rather than from an already-rounded intermediate value.

  3. 3

    Switch which field you edit

    You can type into any field, not just Celsius — the conversion works the same way in every direction.

Formula

How is temperature conversion calculated?

°F = °C × 9/5 + 32 K = °C + 273.15 °R = °F + 459.67

Where:

°C
Temperature in degrees Celsius
°F
Temperature in degrees Fahrenheit
K
Temperature in kelvin (no degree symbol — kelvin is an absolute unit)
°R
Temperature in degrees Rankine, an absolute scale sized in Fahrenheit-degree steps

The simple version

Celsius and Fahrenheit do not share a zero point, so you cannot just multiply — you have to scale the number and then shift it. To go from Celsius to Fahrenheit, multiply by 9/5 (because a Fahrenheit degree is smaller than a Celsius degree) and then add 32 (because 0°C is not 0°F, it is 32°F). Kelvin is Celsius shifted so that 0 K sits at absolute zero, the coldest physically possible temperature — that shift is exactly 273.15. Rankine does the same thing to Fahrenheit that Kelvin does to Celsius.

Examples

What does it look like in practice?

Water boiling at sea level

Input

100°C

Result

212°F · 373.15 K · 671.67 °R

100 × 9/5 + 32 = 212. Adding 273.15 gives kelvin directly from Celsius; Rankine is Fahrenheit + 459.67.

A mild room temperature

Input

20°C

Result

68°F · 293.15 K

20 × 9/5 = 36, plus 32 = 68. This is the temperature most often used as a "room temperature" baseline in recipes and product specs.

Human body temperature

Input

98.6°F

Result

37°C · 310.15 K

Working backwards: (98.6 − 32) × 5/9 = 37. This is the traditional average oral temperature — modern studies put the average closer to 36.6°C (97.9°F), so treat 37°C as a round reference point, not a strict cutoff.

The point where the scales agree

Input

−40°C

Result

−40°F

−40 × 9/5 + 32 = −72 + 32 = −40. Celsius and Fahrenheit only ever produce the same number at this one point — everywhere else they diverge, which is exactly why you cannot treat the conversion as a simple ratio.

Accuracy

How accurate is it?

Every conversion uses the internationally defined exact relationships between the four scales — there is no approximation in the formula itself. The Celsius-to-Kelvin offset of 273.15 and the Fahrenheit-to-Rankine offset of 459.67 are exact by definition, and the 9/5 scale factor between Celsius and Fahrenheit degrees is an exact fraction, not a decimal approximation like 1.8000001.

  • The calculation happens in full double-precision floating point; only the displayed result is rounded, so chaining conversions (e.g. °F → K → °C) does not accumulate visible error.
  • Kelvin and Rankine are absolute scales — 0 K and 0 °R represent absolute zero, the theoretical lower limit of temperature. Negative kelvin or negative Rankine values are not physically meaningful, though the calculator will still compute them if you enter one.
  • "Room temperature," "body temperature" and similar everyday reference points are conventions, not physical constants — different sources round them slightly differently.
Details

What should you know before using it?

Key reference points across all four scales:

Reference pointCelsius / Fahrenheit / Kelvin / Rankine
Absolute zero−273.15°C / −459.67°F / 0 K / 0 °R
Scales cross (equal reading)−40°C / −40°F / 233.15 K / 419.67 °R
Water freezes0°C / 32°F / 273.15 K / 491.67 °R
Average human body temperature37°C / 98.6°F / 310.15 K / 558.27 °R
Water boils (sea level)100°C / 212°F / 373.15 K / 671.67 °R
Relationships

Which tools relate to the temperature conversion?

Applications

When should you use a temperature conversion?

Because the temperature conversion runs entirely in your browser, it suits work you would not want to hand to a third-party server — client files, unpublished drafts, anything under an NDA. These are the situations people reach for it in most often.

Cooking and oven temperatures

US recipes list Fahrenheit oven settings; most of the world uses Celsius. Converting the wrong way by even a small margin can under- or over-bake something.

Weather and travel

A forecast of "25" means something completely different in Celsius than in Fahrenheit — useful when checking conditions abroad.

Science and engineering

Kelvin is the SI base unit for thermodynamic calculations; Rankine still shows up in US engineering contexts that otherwise use imperial units.

Health readings

Thermometers sold in different countries default to different scales, so converting a fever reading correctly matters for deciding whether it is actually high.

FAQs

Frequently asked questions

How do you convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?
Multiply the Celsius value by 9/5, then add 32. For example, 20°C × 9/5 = 36, plus 32 = 68°F. To go the other way, subtract 32 first, then multiply by 5/9.
Why is temperature conversion not just a ratio like other units?
Because the scales have different zero points as well as different-sized degrees. Length conversion (meters to feet) only needs a multiplier because both scales start at zero in the same place. Celsius and Fahrenheit do not — 0°C is 32°F, not 0°F — so the formula needs both a scale factor and an offset. That is why you cannot say "20°C is twice as warm as 10°C": in Fahrenheit those are 68°F and 50°F, nowhere near a 2:1 ratio.
What is the difference between Kelvin and Celsius?
Same size degree, different zero point. Kelvin is shifted so that 0 K is absolute zero (−273.15°C), the lowest temperature theoretically possible. A change of 1 K equals a change of 1°C, which is why scientific formulas often use Kelvin — the arithmetic has no offset to carry through.
What is Rankine used for?
Rankine is to Fahrenheit what Kelvin is to Celsius — an absolute scale with Fahrenheit-sized degrees, so 0 °R is absolute zero. It shows up mainly in US thermodynamics and mechanical engineering work that otherwise stays in imperial units.
At what temperature do Celsius and Fahrenheit show the same number?
−40. Both −40°C and −40°F describe the same temperature — the only point where the two scales agree, because that is where the affine formula happens to cross itself.
Can this calculator produce a negative Kelvin value?
It will compute one if you enter a Celsius value below −273.15°C, but that result is not physically meaningful — kelvin cannot go below zero because absolute zero is the coldest anything can theoretically be.
Is normal human body temperature exactly 37°C?
37°C (98.6°F) is the traditional reference figure, but it is a rounded convention rather than a precise average. Modern studies put typical oral temperature closer to 36.6°C (97.9°F), and normal readings vary by person, time of day and measurement site.
Security

Is the temperature conversion safe to use?

This tool runs entirely inside your browser. Your text, files and settings are processed on your own device and are never uploaded to our servers — there is nothing for us to store, log or leak. You can confirm it yourself: open your browser DevTools, switch to the Network tab, and use the tool. You will not see an upload request. It also means the tool keeps working if your connection drops mid-task.

No account required No file storage HTTPS everywhere
Sources

Where do these figures come from?

Every method, threshold and standard this page relies on, with a link to the document that defines it. Check them — a tool that will not show its sources is asking you to take its word for it.

  1. 1
    The International System of Units (SI Brochure)

    Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), 9th edition · 2019

    Supports: The exact 273.15 offset defining the kelvin scale relative to Celsius, and kelvin as an SI base unit with no degree symbol.

  2. 2
    NIST Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI)

    National Institute of Standards and Technology, SP 811

    Supports: The exact Fahrenheit conversion formula (°F = °C × 9/5 + 32) and the Rankine scale's relationship to Fahrenheit.

Get in touch

Need something this tool can’t do?

If you need a feature added, spotted something wrong, or want a custom tool or website built for your business, tell us. We read every message and we build what people actually ask for.